What is the difference between: System, Integration and End to End tests?

                                                                         


The software testing can be performed on test types. There are two categories of test types on which testing can be performed. They are functional and non-functional tests. Functional testing is a type of testing which verifies that each function of the software application operates in conformance with the requirement specification. Non-functional testing is testing software for its non-functional requirements: the way a system operates, rather than specific behaviours of that system.

Now let us see how these three tests differentiate from one another.

System Testing

  • Scope: Tests the entire system as a whole.
  • Objective: Verifies that the system meets the specified requirements.
  • Focus: Ensures that the system functions correctly in its entirety, including all components and interactions.
  • Example: Testing a complete e-commerce application to ensure all features like product search, payment processing, and order tracking work together seamlessly.
                                            

Integration Testing

  • Scope: Tests the interactions between different modules or components.
  • Objective: Ensures that integrated components work together as expected.
  • Focus: Identifies issues in the interfaces and interactions between modules.
  • Example: Testing the interaction between the payment gateway and the order processing system in an e-commerce application.
                                  
                                                        




End-to-End Testing

  • Scope: Tests the entire application from start to finish, simulating real user scenarios.
  • Objective: Validates the application’s workflow and ensures all subsystems work together as intended.
  • Focus: Ensures the application meets both functional and non-functional requirements under real-world conditions.
  • Example: Simulating a user journey in an e-commerce application, from logging in, searching for a product, adding it to the cart, making a payment, and logging out.
                                                            

Conclusion

Each type of testing plays a crucial role in ensuring the quality and reliability of software.

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